Fixture Unit Calculator

Calculate total fixture units (WSFU/DFU) for bathrooms, kitchens, and commercial spaces.

Results

Visualization

How It Works

Fixture units are a standardized way to measure water demand and drainage load. WSFU (water supply fixture units) determine pipe sizing for supply lines. DFU (drainage fixture units) determine drain pipe sizing.

The Formula

Total = Sum of (Fixture Count x Fixture Unit Value) for each type

Variables

  • WSFU — Water Supply Fixture Units — measures supply demand
  • DFU — Drainage Fixture Units — measures drainage load

Worked Example

A typical 2-bath home: 2 toilets (5.0 WSFU) + 2 lavs (2.0) + 1 tub (2.0) + 1 shower (2.0) + 1 kitchen (1.5) + 1 DW (1.5) + 1 washer (2.0) = 16.0 WSFU. Needs 1" supply.

Practical Tips

  • Fixture unit values come from UPC/IPC plumbing code
  • WSFU and DFU are different values for the same fixture
  • Commercial fixtures have higher values than residential
  • Peak demand is not the sum of all fixtures — diversity factor applies

Last updated: March 11, 2026 · Reviewed by the PlumbCalcs Editorial Team